Hyperpigmentation affects about 90% of pregnant women. They are characterized by dark spots or darker skin spots that cover any part of the body but are most common on the breast and inner thighs.
Hyperpigmentation of the face is known as melasma gravidarum, chloasma or & # 39; 'pregnancy mask'. It can appear as a dark patch on the forehead, upper lip, cheeks and chin.
It is hypothesized that the hormones progesterone and estrogen stimulate melanocytes to produce more melanin - this is a substance that creates color on the skin and hair. Melasma affects about 70% of women in pregnancy but women with dark skin, asia, india, afro-caribbean / african american, may have higher rates.
The good news is that melasma often occurs after women have their baby with less than 10% of women having ongoing cases.
Prevention and Treatment
There are several options to help Melasma. First, avoid direct sunlight especially between 10am and 2pm and use a high-factor sunscreen - Factor 30 and higher. This will prevent any darkening of your skin. Second, avoid harsh cleansers or scrubs as this can irritate your skin and make the condition worse. Third, use concealer and wait to see if your skin changes after giving birth.
There are several topical creams on the market that contain active ingredients known to help treat hyperpigmentation; hydroquinone and tretonin.
Tretonin
Although Tretonin or Retin A has low skin absorption rates, it has been favored by retinoid embryos in four published cases. Other studies examined pregnancy during the first trimester with 96 and 106 women. These studies found no increased risk of birth defects or evidence of retinoid embryos. That said, experts in this area would advise against using retinoids during pregnancy as there is a need for further investigation in this area.
Hydroquinone
Hydroquinone is used as a skin softener in the treatment of melasma (in the case of non-pregnancy) but it is estimated that 35-40% of it is systematically absorbed through the skin. A study has been published regarding the use of hydroquinone during pregnancy and does not appear to be associated with any risk for developing infants, but due to lack of further research and due to high absorption rates it may be best to avoid it.
Sun protection
Sun cream is used to protect the skin from harmful sunlight. Very little active ingredient is absorbed into the skin or into the body. Pregnant women have been using the sun screen for decades to help prevent melasma without adverse effects.
In conclusion
Melasma can be a problem for women in terms of their self-esteem and in extreme cases it has an impact on their psychological or mental health. My advice is if melasma really affects your quality of life and your pregnancy pleasure, then see your doctor, obstetrician or midwife for more advice.
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